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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Spectinomycin</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Chemikalie" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Chemikalie">

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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Strukturformel
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<td colspan="2" class="hintergrundfarbe-basis skin-invert-image" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Allgemeines
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<td style="width:33%;">Name
</td>
<td>Spectinomycin
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<tr>
<td>Andere Namen
</td>
<td>
<ul><li>4a,7,9-Trihydroxy-2-methyl-6,8-bis(methylamino)-decahydro-4<i>H</i>-pyrano[2,3-<i>b</i>][1,4]benzodioxin-4-on</li>
<li>(1<i>R</i>,3<i>S</i>,5<i>R</i>,8<i>R</i>,10<i>R</i>,11<i>S</i>,12<i>S</i>,13<i>R</i>,14<i>S</i>)­8,12,14-trihydroxy-5-methyl-11,13-bis(methylamino)-2,4,9-trioxatricyclo[8.4.0.0<sup>3,8</sup>]tetradecan-7-on <small>(<a href="IUPAC-Nomenklatur" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC-Nomenklatur">IUPAC</a>)</small></li></ul>
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<tr>
<td><a href="Summenformel" title="Summenformel">Summenformel</a>
</td>
<td>C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>24</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>
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<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Externe Identifikatoren/Datenbanken
</th></tr>
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<td colspan="2" style="padding:0;">
<table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" data-expandtext="+" data-collapsetext="−" style="border-top:none; margin:-1px; width:calc(100% + 2px);">

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<td style="width:33%;"><a href="CAS-Nummer" title="CAS-Nummer">CAS-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=1695-77-8">1695-77-8</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</td>
<td style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; border-top:1px solid #FFDEAD; padding:0.2em 0; vertical-align:bottom; width:5%;">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="EG-Nummer" title="EG-Nummer">EG-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2">216-911-3
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Europ%C3%A4ische_Chemikalienagentur" title="Europäische Chemikalienagentur">ECHA</a>-InfoCard
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.echa.europa.eu/de/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.015.374">100.015.374</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/15541">15541</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.14785.html">14785</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00919">DB00919</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1;"><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416154" class="extiw external" title="d:Q416154">Q416154</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Arzneistoffangaben
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Anatomisch-Therapeutisch-Chemisches_Klassifikationssystem" title="Anatomisch-Therapeutisch-Chemisches Klassifikationssystem">ATC-Code</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>J01<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://atcddd.fhi.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J01XX04">XX04</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Wirkstoffklasse" title="Wirkstoffklasse">Wirkstoffklasse</a>
</td>
<td>
<p><a href="Antibiotikum" title="Antibiotikum">Antibiotikum</a>, <a href="Aminoglykoside" class="mw-redirect" title="Aminoglykoside">Aminoglykoside</a>
</p>
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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Eigenschaften
</th></tr>
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<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Molare Masse</a>
</td>
<td>332,35 <a href="Gramm" title="Gramm">g</a>·<a href="Mol" title="Mol">mol</a><sup>−1</sup>
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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Sicherheitshinweise
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<td colspan="2">
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="width:100%;">

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<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:1px #A7A7A7 dashed; text-align:center;">Bitte die Befreiung von der Kennzeichnungspflicht für Arzneimittel, Medizinprodukte, Kosmetika, Lebensmittel und Futtermittel beachten
</td></tr>

<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><b><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien" title="Global harmonisiertes System zur Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Chemikalien">GHS-Gefahrstoffkennzeichnung</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<table class="hintergrundfarbe-neutral" style="text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; display:flex; justify-content:center;">

<tbody><tr>
<td><i>keine GHS-Piktogramme</i>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>
</p>
</td></tr>
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<td rowspan="2" width="33%" style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed; border-right:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;"><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze" title="H- und P-Sätze">H- und P-Sätze</a>
</td>
<td style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;">H: <span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: H-Sätze"></span><i>keine H-Sätze</i>
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;">P: <span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: P-Sätze"></span><i>keine P-Sätze</i>
</td></tr>
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<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; font-size:80%; text-align:center; line-height:150%; padding:.25em;">Wenn nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die angegebenen Daten bei <a href="Standardbedingungen" title="Standardbedingungen">Standardbedingungen</a> (0 °C, 1000&nbsp;hPa).
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><p><b>Spectinomycin</b> ist ein <a href="Aminoglykosid-Antibiotika" title="Aminoglykosid-Antibiotika">Aminoglykosid-Antibiotikum</a> aus <a href="Streptomyces" title="Streptomyces">Streptomyceten</a> (<i>Streptomyces spectabilis</i>).
</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschichte">Geschichte</h2></div>
<p>Spectinomycin wurde 1961 unabhängig voneinander von den Firmen <a href="Upjohn" class="mw-disambig" title="Upjohn">Upjohn</a> (als <i>Trobicin</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und <a href="Abbott_Laboratories" title="Abbott Laboratories">Abbott</a> (als <i>Actinospectacin</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gefunden.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mechanismus">Mechanismus</h2></div>
<p>Die biologische Aktivität von Spectinomycin beruht auf der Hemmung der Proteinsynthese an den Ribosomen. Es bindet an die 30S-<a href="Ribosom" title="Ribosom">Ribosomenuntereinheit</a> und hemmt in <a href="Bakterien" title="Bakterien">Bakterien</a> die <a href="Proteinbiosynthese" title="Proteinbiosynthese">Proteinbiosynthese</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wirmer_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wirmer-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spectinomycin wirkt gegen grampositive und gramnegative Bakterien und wird oft dann eingesetzt, wenn penicillinresistente Keime bekämpft werden sollen.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Mutationen in der 16S-rRNA und dem S5-Protein der 30S-Ribosomenuntereinheit, können zu einer Resistenz gegenüber Spectinomycin führen.<sup id="cite_ref-Kehrenberg_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kehrenberg-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anwendungen">Anwendungen</h2></div>
<p>Es wird injiziert zur Behandlung von <a href="Gonorrh%C3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="Gonorrhö">Gonorrhö</a>, besonders bei Patienten, die allergisch auf <a href="Penicillin" class="mw-redirect" title="Penicillin">Penicillin</a> reagieren.
Ferner findet es in der Molekularbiologie Anwendung in Selektionsmedien.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nebenwirkungen">Nebenwirkungen</h2></div>
<p>Als <a href="Nebenwirkungen" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebenwirkungen">Nebenwirkungen</a> können <a href="Juckreiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Juckreiz">Juckreiz</a>, <a href="Sch%C3%BCttelfrost" title="Schüttelfrost">Schüttelfrost</a> und <a href="R%C3%B6tung" class="mw-redirect" title="Rötung">Rötungen</a> auftreten.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="display:none;">Vorlage:CL Inventory/nicht harmonisiert</span>Für diesen Stoff liegt noch keine <a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien" title="Global harmonisiertes System zur Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Chemikalien">harmonisierte Einstufung</a> vor. Wiedergegeben ist eine von einer Selbsteinstufung durch Inverkehrbringer abgeleitete Kennzeichnung von <span style="font-style:italic;"><span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.echa.europa.eu/de/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/details/69903">Spectinomycin</a></span></span> im <i>Classification and Labelling Inventory</i> der <a href="Europ%C3%A4ische_Chemikalienagentur" title="Europäische Chemikalienagentur">Europäischen Chemikalienagentur</a> (ECHA), abgerufen am 12.&nbsp;Juli 2020.<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">T. J. Oliver, A. Goldstein, R. R. Bower, J. C. Holper, R. H. Otto: <cite style="font-style:italic">M-141, a new antibiotic: I. Antimicrobial properties, identity with actinospectacin and production by Streptomyces flavopersicus sp. n.</cite> In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Antimicrobial Agents</cite>. 1961, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>495–501</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Spectinomycin&amp;rft.atitle=M-141%2C+a+new+antibiotic%3A+I.+Antimicrobial+properties%2C+identity+with+actinospectacin+and+production+by+Streptomyces+flavopersicus+sp.+n.&amp;rft.au=T.+J.+Oliver%2C+A.+Goldstein%2C+R.+R.+Bower%2C+...&amp;rft.btitle=Antimicrobial+Agents&amp;rft.date=1961&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=495-501" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">D. J. Mason, A. Dietz, R. M. Smith: <cite style="font-style:italic">Actinospectacin, a new antibiotic. I. Discovery and biological properties</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Antibiotics &amp; Chemotherapy (Northfield, Ill.)</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>11</span>, Februar 1961, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>118–122</span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13767811?dopt=Abstract">PMID 13767811</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Spectinomycin&amp;rft.atitle=Actinospectacin%2C+a+new+antibiotic.+I.+Discovery+and+biological+properties&amp;rft.au=D.+J.+Mason%2C+A.+Dietz%2C+R.+M.+Smith&amp;rft.btitle=Antibiotics+%26+Chemotherapy+%28Northfield%2C+Ill.%29&amp;rft.date=1961-02&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=118-122&amp;rft.pmid=13767811&amp;rft.volume=11" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Wirmer-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Wirmer_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wirmer, J. und Westhof, E. (2006): <i>Molecular contacts between antibiotics and the 30S ribosomal particle</i>. In: <i>Methods Enzymol</i>. <b>415</b>; 180–202; <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17116475?dopt=Abstract">PMID 17116475</a>; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(06)15012-0" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1016/S0076-6879(06)15012-0">doi:10.1016/S0076-6879(06)15012-0</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">W. Scott Champney: <cite style="font-style:italic">Binding of spectinomycin by ribosomes fromEscherichia coli</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Current Microbiology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>21</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>4</span>, 1990, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>261–265</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02092166">10.1007/BF02092166</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Spectinomycin&amp;rft.atitle=Binding+of+spectinomycin+by+ribosomes+fromEscherichia+coli&amp;rft.au=W.+Scott+Champney&amp;rft.date=1990&amp;rft.doi=10.1007%2FBF02092166&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.jtitle=Current+Microbiology&amp;rft.pages=261-265&amp;rft.volume=21" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Kehrenberg-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kehrenberg_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kehrenberg, C. und Schwarz, S. (2007): <i>Mutations in 16S rRNA and Ribosomal Protein S5 Associated with High-Level Spectinomycin Resistance in Pasteurella multocida</i>. In: <i><a href="Antimicrob_Agents_Chemother" class="mw-redirect" title="Antimicrob Agents Chemother">Antimicrob Agents Chemother</a>.</i> <b>51</b>; 2244–2246; <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17371823?dopt=Abstract">PMID 17371823</a>; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00229-07" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1128/AAC.00229-07">doi:10.1128/AAC.00229-07</a></span>
</li>
</ol>
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Dieser Artikel behandelt ein Gesundheitsthema. Er dient weder der Selbstdiagnose noch wird dadurch eine Diagnose durch einen Arzt ersetzt. Bitte hierzu den Hinweis zu Gesundheitsthemen beachten!</div>
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